Effect of MnO2 on the dielectric properties of Nb-doped BaTiO3-(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 ceramics for X9R MLCC applications

MnO₂ and Nb₂O₅ co-doped 0.9BaTiO₃-0.1(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃ powders with excellent dielectric properties were fabricated using a conventional solid-state reaction method and sand milling. The doping effects of various amounts of MnO₂ on the dielectric properties were investigated. The results revealed that the dielectric properties greatly depended on the concentration of MnO₂. All the ceramics met the X9R specification. The dielectric loss decreased with an increasing concentration of MnO₂. The specimen with an appropriate amount of 0.2 mol% MnO₂ exhibited the most enhanced properties: high insulation resistance (2.49 × 10¹³ Ω/cm) and improved degradation properties. Multilayer ceramic capacitor (MLCC) chips were prepared by tape casting using a 0.2 mol% Mn-doped 9010BTBNT-based ceramic powder. The capacitance of the MLCC chip was approximately 100 nF, and the dielectric loss was approximately 1.75% at room temperature. The high-temperature accelerated lifetime was over 1000 hours under 250 V (five times the working voltage) and at 230°C, indicating that the MLCC chips possess superior reliability.     

固态飞行参数记录器设计

针对某飞机飞行数据碰记录器体积大、重量重以及价格昂贵的缺点,设计了一种新型飞行数据固态记录器。介绍了新型飞行数据固态记录器的工作原理及采用大容量CF卡以FAT32格式保存飞行数据的具体实现。该设计最终达到了存储容量大、体积小、重量轻、成本低、可靠性高等目的。     

地理纬度对陀螺定向的影响

研究了地理纬度及整平误差与定向方位误差的关系,探讨了地理纬度对零位改正及比例系数 Ｃ 的影响,提出了提高陀螺定向精度的建议。     

镍黄铁矿浮选中抑制剂的作用

介绍了蛇纹石对镍黄铁矿浮选的影响,解释了几种常用抑制剂的作用机理。六偏磷酸钠和水玻璃主要通过生成亲水性的配合物,改变蛇纹石的表面电性而起分散和抑制作用;羧甲基纤维素主要通过氢键有与蛇纹石表面的金属离子发生化学吸附而起絮凝和抑制作用;提出了在镍黄铁矿浮选中选用抑制剂的研究思路。     

内插松弛扭带波节管的流动与传热特性的数值模拟

采用RNG k-ε数值模拟方法研究一种新型内插松弛扭带波节管（CLT）的流动与传热特性。将数值模拟结果与自建实验台的实验结果进行了对比验证;比较了CLT和内插松弛扭带光管（SLT）的传热性能差异;考察了CLT中扭率和余隙比对流动和传热特性的影响规律。研究结果表明CLT相比于传统的SLT,传热性能最多提高1.17倍,综合传热性能的绝对数值最多增加0.15。CLT的综合传热性能随着扭率的增加而增加,而增加的幅度却逐渐减小,高Reynolds数时减小的程度更加显著。同时,综合传热性能随着余隙比的增大而降低并且降低的幅度也逐渐减小,在低Reynolds数时明显降低,而在高Reynolds数时略微降低。综合考虑,低Reynolds数时应该选择余隙比低的扭带,而高Reynolds数时则应选择余隙比高的扭带。     

Thermal performance of tubular heat exchanger with multiple twisted-tape inserts

The paper presents an experimental investigation on enhanced heat transfer and pressure loss characteristics by using single, double, triple, and quadruple twisted-tape inserts in a round tube having a uniform heat-fluxed wal . The investigation has been conducted in the heat exchanger tube inserted with various twisted-tape numbers for co-and counter-twist arrangements for the turbulent air flow, Reynolds number (Re) from 5300 to 24000. The typical single twisted-tape inserts at two twist ratios, y/w=4 and 5, are used as the base case, while the other multiple twisted-tape inserts are at y/w=4 only. The experimental results of heat transfer and pressure drop in terms of Nusselt number (Nu) and friction factor (f), respectively, reveal that Nu increases with the increment of Re and of twisted-tape number. The values of Nu for the inserted tube are in a range of 1.15–2.12 times that for the plain tube while f is 1.9–4.1 times. The thermal enhancement factor of the inserted tube under similar pumping power is evaluated and found to be above unity except for the single and the double co-twisted tapes. The quadruple counter-twisted tape insert provides the maximum thermal performance.     

甲基纳迪克-桐马-环氧体系云母带用黏合剂的制备与性能

采用甲基纳迪克酸酐（MNA）为环氧树脂主要固化剂,配合桐马酸酐固化环氧树脂E-44制备云母带黏合剂。研究了不同组分配合方案对云母带的力学性能、电学性能、耐热性能的影响。实验结果表明,MNA及桐马分别与E-44反应的摩尔比（MNA∶桐马）=5.5∶4.5时,云母带综合性能最优,纵向弯曲强度为332.79 MPa,横向弯曲强度为319.06 MPa,横向冲击强度为64.25 MJ/m2,纵向冲击强度为47.5 MJ/m2,介电强度为64.62 MV/m,体积电阻率为2.02×1013 Ω?m。且由热重分析（TG）知,甲基纳迪克-桐马-环氧体系具有相对良好的耐热性。     

Evaluation of silver as a miniature direct methanol full cell electrode

Miniature direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) and direct hydrogen fuel cells are promising candidates for future polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) based micro-power sources. Currently, most miniature DMFCs are developed using a silicon based microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technique, which requires complex and precise processing. Low temperature cofire ceramic (LTCC) technology offers an attractive alternative for a ceramics MEMS construction, allowing the integration of high density interconnect and embedded electronic components with microchannels and hermetic cavities from the meso- to the microscale. Silver is a major metallization source for LTCC, which can be fabricated in a range of configurations, from a solid hermetic layer to a porous open structure with microchannels that can easily be integrated into the structures. Silver based LTCC provides an ideal technology for the fabrication of an integrated fuel cell into a high density ceramic-based microelectronic assembly. A silver electrode was evaluated in a simulated DMFC operating environment and found to exhibit good corrosion resistance and chemical stability, essential properties for electrode systems. Potentiodynamic analysis of a catalyzed silver electrode (prepared by thermal decomposition of a Pt/Ru resinate) revealed excellent corrosion resistance under anodic and cathodic DMFC operating conditions. The Pt/Ru catalyst on the silver electrode enhanced the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) as well as oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) as compared with similar reactions on carbon electrodes. The potential at which methanol is oxidized was lower than the silver oxidation potential, which served to protect the silver electrode. The determination of a contact angle of 30° on the silver electrode indicated wettability, which is deleterious for its application in DMFCs. Nevertheless, the results of good corrosion resistance derived from this investigation as well as the high electrical and thermal conductivities of silver all auger well for it usage as an electrode in DMFC.     

装填有矩形切口螺旋带的管中的湍动传热和压降(英文)

Heat transfer, friction factor and thermal enhancement factor characteristics of a double pipe heat exchanger fitted with square-cut twisted tapes (STT) and plain twisted tapes (PTT) are investigated experimentally using the water as working fluid. The tapes (STT and PTT) have three twist ratios ( , 4.4 and 6.0) and the Reynolds number ranges from 2000 to 12000. The experimental results reveal that heat transfer rate, friction factor and thermal enhancement factor in the tube equipped with STT are significantly higher than those fitted with PTT. The additional disturbance and secondary flow in the vicinity of the tube wall generated by STT are higher compared to that induced by the PTT is referred as the reason for better performance. Over the range considered, the Nusselt number, friction factor and thermal enhancement factor in a tube with STT are respectively, 1.03 to 1.14, 1.05 to 1.25 and 1.02 to 1.06 times of those in tube with PTT. An empirical correlation is also formulated to match with experimental data of Nusselt number and friction factor for STT and PTT.     

升温速率对Bi-2223带材载流性能的影响

研究了第一次热处理中的升温速率对Bi2223带材特性的影响,分别采用100、300和500℃/h的升温速率将带材加热到838℃,于空气气氛中保温50h,后经中间轧制,第二次热处理得到成品带材。试验发现升温速率影响带材热处理的鼓泡特性,同时对Bi-2223相的转化率、残余第二相的含量及Bi-2223的晶粒取向也有一定的影响。采用适当的升温速率(300℃/h)可以限制带材的鼓泡,改善带材的微观组织并提高临界电流(Ic),77K自场下的Ic可达101A,磁场下的载流性能也有一定改善。